The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) 

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) 

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN, is a nonprofit that maintains the unique identifiers for the global internet, comprising IP addresses and domain names, to ensure the network performs regularly and securely. Maintaining the domain name system (DNS) and controlling IP address space transmission through a global ecosystem of regional registries and recognized registrars are two of networking’s main tasks.  

             Key roles in networking: 

Management of the Domain Name System (DNS):  

The DNS, which turns human-readable domain names (such as google.com) into machine-readable IP addresses, is managed by ICANN. Furthermore, it supports domain name registrars, which are firms that let everybody register a domain name. 

IP address allocation: 

Using a decentralized system, it controls the allocation of IP address space (both IPv4 and IPv6). Five regional internet registries are assigned by ICANN with handling and allocating these addresses, which they thereafter distribute among their respective regions. 

Assignment of protocol parameters:  

ICANN is in in charge of assigning protocol identifiers, like port numbers and autonomous system numbers, that are essential for internet protocols to properly connect. 

Root server system management:  

It helps in monitoring the operation of the root server system, a vital DNS element that directs traffic to the proper top-level domain servers.